LDR base solar light tracking system using Transistor DIY project

 

Project Title:

 LDR-Based Motor Driver Circuit using Transistors

Objective:

To  implement light tracking solar system.

Components Used:

Component

Quantity

Description

LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)

2

Senses light intensity

BC547 NPN Transistor

1

Used to switch current based on LDR1

BC547 PNP Transistor

1

Used to switch current based on LDR2

Resistors (100Ω)

2

Limits current to base of transistors

DC Motor

1

Rotates when either transistor conducts

Power Supply

1

+5V Battery or adapter

 



Circuit Explanation:

This is a dual-LDR sensor-based motor control circuit using two NPN transistor (Q1 ,Q2- BC547) . The two LDRs (LDR1 and LDR2) act as light sensors that detect ambient light levels and control the motor accordingly.

Working Principle:

  • LDR Behavior:
    • In Bright Light → Resistance LOW
    • In Darkness/Shadow → Resistance HIGH

 Circuit Breakdown:

  1. Power Supply:
    • A +5V power source is connected to the mid joint of LDR Q1,Q2 .
    • Both emitter are shorted and connect to GND.
  2. Motor Connection:
    • The motor  is connected between the collectors of Q1 and Q2. This allows current to pass through the motor if either transistor conducts.
  3. Base Control with LDRs:
    • Q1 : Base is controlled via LDR2 . If LDR2 detects light, its resistance drops, allowing current into the base of Q1 through 100 ohm resistor→ Q1 turns ON → Motor gets a path to ground in clock wise.
    • Q2 : Base is controlled via LDR1 . If LDR1 detects light, its resistance drops, allowing current into the base of Q2 through 100 ohm resistor→ Q2 turns ON → Motor gets a path to ground in anticlock wise.
  4. Motor Movement:
    • Clock wise or anticlock wise.

advantages:

  • Simple and low-cost circuit.
  • Easy to build and understand for beginners.
  • Can be used in basic robotics and automation projects.
  • Mainly designed for LDR base solar light tracking system.
  • To identify current direction .


I do not have exact reference sites, but I referred to YouTube videos, books, and ChatGPT  for understanding and building this project.



Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Astable circuit using 555 timer ic

Image
  Project Title: Astable Multivibrator Using 555 Timer IC Objective: To design and simulate an astable multivibrator circuit using the 555 Timer IC. To generate a continuous square wave without an external trigger. To control an LED to blink at regular intervals. To study how timing components (resistors and capacitor) affect the ON and OFF time. Components Required: S.N Component Quantity Description 1. NE555 Timer IC 1 Used in astable configuration to generate pulses 2. Resistor R1 1 10 kΩ – Connected between Vcc and pin 7 3. Resistor R2 1 10 kΩ – Connected between pin 7 and pin 6 4. Capacitor C1 1 100 µF – Timing capacitor between pin 6 & GND 5. LED (Green) 1 Output indicat...
Read more

Monostable circuit using 555 timer ic

Image
    Project Title: Monostable Multivibrator Using 555 Timer IC   Objective: ·     To design a monostable multivibrator circuit using the 555 Timer IC. ·     To generate a single output pulse of fixed duration when an external trigger is applied. ·     To understand and demonstrate the working principle of monostable mode in 555 timer IC. ·     To control an output device (like an LED) for a specific time interval. ·   To explore how resistor and capacitor values determine the pulse width. Components Required: S.N Component Quantity Description 1. NE555 Timer IC 1 Used to configure the timer in monostable mode 2. Resistor (R) 1 Timing resistor to set output pulse width 3. Capacitor (C) 1 Timing capacitor to set output pulse...
Read more